The Temperature and Pressure Relief (TPR) valve is a critical safety component in water heaters designed to prevent excessive pressure buildup. When the water heater operates, it heats water, causing thermal expansion. If the pressure exceeds the valve's rated limit (usually 150 psi), the TPR valve opens to release water and steam, preventing potential tank rupture. If the valve is leaking, it may indicate that it's either actively relieving pressure due to excessive heat or pressure, or it has failed mechanically. Electrical components, such as the heating element, can also malfunction, leading to unexpected temperature spikes that trigger the valve.